The
word tool literally means implement for mechanical operations. But in educational
evaluation, tool may be defined as an instrument to collect evidences of the
student’s achievement. Achievement test, Anecdotal Record, Cumulative Record, Check
List etc are the main tools of evaluation in education.
A
Cumulative Record Card is that which contains the results of different
assessment and judgments held from time to time during the course of study of a
student or pupil or the progress in the developmental pattern of each student
is recorded cumulatively from period to period in a comprehensive record such a
record is known as cumulative record.
Generally
it covers three consecutive years. It contains information regarding all
aspects of life of the child: physical,
mental, social, moral and psychological. It seeks to give as comprehensive
picture as possible of the personality of a child.
Ø Cumulative record
records-
o
Physical development o
Health conditions o Level of
achievement in various subjects o Participation in co-curricular
activities like NCC, NSS etc.
Cumulative
records give a very comprehensive picture of the past and present career of a
student and will help in making prediction about the future.
According
to Jones, a Cumulative Record is, “A permanent record of a student which is
kept up-to-date by the school; it is his educational history with information
about his school achievement, attendance, health, test scores and similar
pertinent data,”
If the Cumulative Record is kept together in a
folder it is called Cumulative Record Folder (CRF). If the Cumulative Record is kept in an envelop it is called a
Cumulative Record Envelop (CRE). If
the cumulative Record is kept in a card it is called a Cumulative Record Card (CRC).
Need for School Record:
The
modern type of Cumulative Record was first made available in 1928 by the
American Council on education. The need for such a record was felt in view of
an inadequate information that was contained in the various forms as available.
The Secondary Education Commission has made the following observations
regarding the need for School records “neither the external examination singly
or together can give a correct and complete picture of a pupils all round
progress at any particular age of his education, yet it is imparted for us to
assess this in order to determine his future course of study or his future
vocation.”
For
this purpose, a proper system of school records should be maintained for every
pupil indicating the work done by him in the school from day to day, month to
month, term-to-term and year to year. Such a school record will present a clear
and continuous statement of the attainment of the child in different
intellectual pursuits through-out the successive stages of his education. It
will also contain a progressive evolution of development in other directions of
no less importance such as the growth of his interest, aptitudes and personal
traits, his social adjustments, the practical and social activities in which he
takes part.
Characteristics of
Cumulative Record:
(i)
The Cumulative Record is a permanent record about the pupil or student.
(ii)
It is maintained up-to-date. Whenever any new information is obtained about the
pupil it is entered in the card.
(iii)
It presents a complete picture about the educational progress of the pupil, his
past achievements and present standing.
(iv)
It is comprehensive in the sense that it
contains all information about the pupil’s attendance, test scores, health etc.
(v)
It contains only those information’s which are authentic, reliable, pertinent,
objective and useful.
(vi)
It is continuous in the sense that it
contains information about the pupil from the time he enters for pre-school
education or kindergarten system till he leaves the school.
(vii)
Whenever any information is desired by any-body concerned with the welfare of
the child he should be given the information but not the card itself.
(viii)
Confidential information about the pupil is not entered in the CRC but kept in
a separate file.
Data contained in the
cumulative record card (CRC) should be:
Accurate, Complete,. Comprehensive,. Objective,. Usable and Valid
(i)
Keeping of record is a continuous process and should cover the whole history
from pre-school or kindergarten to the college and this should follow the child
from school. The Card will furnish valuable information’s about the growth of a
child and the new school can place him and deal with him to a greater
advantage.
(ii)
All the teachers and the guidance workers should have access to these records.
Matters too confidential may be kept at a separate place. The child concerned
may have an opportunity to study his own Cumulative Record in consultation with
the counseller.
(iii)
The essential data should be kept in a simple, concise and readable form so
that it may be convenient to find out the main points of life of the child at a
glance.
(iv)
Records should be based on an objective
data. They should be as reliable as possible.
(v)
The record system should provide for a minimum of repetition of items.
(vi)
It should contain reliable, accurate and objective information.
(vii)
A manual should be prepared and directions for the guidance of persons, feeling
out of using the records given in it.
(viii)
The record should be maintained by the counsellor and should not be circulated
throughout the faculty for making entries on it by other members of the staff.
These entries should made by them on other forms and the entry in this card
should be made very carefully by counsellor.
Types of Information
Maintained in the-CRC:
1. Identification Data:
Name
of the pupil, sex, father’s name, admission No., date of birth, class, section,
any other information that helps in easy location of the card.
2.
Environmental and Background Data:
Home-neighbourhood
influences, socio-economic status of the family, cultural status of the family,
number of brothers and sisters, their educational background, occupations of
the members of the family.
3.
Physical Data:
Weight,
height, illness, physical disabilities, etc.
4.
Psychological Data:
Intelligence,
aptitudes, interests, personality qualities, emotional and social adjustment
and attitudes.
5.
Educational Data:
Previous
school record, educational attainments, school marks, school attendance.
6. Co-curricular Data:
Notable
experiences and accomplishment in various fields-intellectual, artistic,
social, recreational, etc.
7.
Vocational Information:
Vocational
ambitions of the student.
8.
Supplementary Information:
It
is obtained by the use of standardized tests.
9.
Principal’s overall remarks.
Sources of Collection
of Information:
1.
Parents or Guardian’s data form: Family background and the personal history of
the child may be gathered from the parents who are asked to fill in the form.
2.
Personal data form: In order to obtain information regarding the pupils
interest and participation in extra-curricular activities and his vocational
preferences the personal data is of great use. The pupil may be asked to give
details of himself. This will supplement the information obtained from the
parents data form.
3.
School records: (i) Records of
achievement tests.
(ii) Records of
other tests.
(iii) Admission
and withdrawal record.
4.
Other sources: (i) Personal visits by the teachers
(ii)
Observations made by the teachers.
Maintenance of the
Record:
The
maintenance of the Cumulative Record Card should begin when the student enters
school and should follow the student from class to class within a school and
from school to school as he continues his progress.
The
class teacher will maintain the Cumulative Record. In view of the fact that he
spends much time with the students he will be in a greater position to judge
them from different aspects. He will maintain a diary or note-book in which he
will note down from time to time his observations about his students. At the
end of the year he will make the necessary entries in the Cumulative Record
Card (CRC). It is very desirable that he consults his colleagues who also know
the pupils. These entries should be made after careful consideration.
What are the sources please
ReplyDelete